- Great wall of china. china
seven wonders in The Great Wall of China-one of the most known structures in history-is more than 2,300 years old. The wall began as early as the Spring and Autumn period 770–476 BCE and continued during the Warring States period 475–221 BCE. Separate walls were built by the various Chinese states to prevent the invasion of nomadic tribes. These were the sections that Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered to be joined when he united China in 221 BCE. The first “Great Wall” was created. It was constantly expanded and strengthened throughout these centuries, more particularly during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644), wherein the Great Wall was at its most formidable form. The wall covers an area of about 21,196 kilometers long with average width and height of 9.1 meters and 15 meters, respectively.
In fact, the Great Wall of China is one of the world-famous buildings even though it covers nearly 13,000 miles in northern China.
Its history goes back to the 7th century BC when there were many walls built separately by Chinese states to prevent those nomadic tribes. In fact, Emperor Qin Shi Huang actually connected these walls through an extension in the 3rd century BCE, employing hundreds of thousands of laborers-the soldiers, ordinary folk, and prisoners-to keep the Xiongnu tribes’ invasion from his newly unified China.
It was further fortified and stretched out as it appears today during the Ming Dynasty, from 1368 to 1644. Bricks and stone accompanied watchtowers done by the Ming were added to enhance the defensive features of this wall as it was also a warding tool against Mongol invaders. That also spoke volumes about Chinese strength and resilience at the same time, an instrument of defense and a means of fostering trade while regulating immigration and emigration. Since some parts have broken down, the monument survives as a testament to brilliant genius, architectural prowess, and tenacity that paved the way for China’s glorious history. From when it was declared in 1987 as a World Heritage Site, millions of tourists visit every year, symbolizing China’s glorious pass.
2. Petra Southwest Jordan
Petra is one of Jordan’s oldest southern communities, going back over 2,300 years to the fourth century BCE. Originally formed as the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom, it later flourished into a cosmopolis of affluence based on its centrality to ancient routes between Arabia and Egypt with the Mediterranean.
Genius engineers, the Nabataeans made Petra habitable in the desert by building dams, cisterns, and aqueducts.
Petra is arguably most known by its amazing buildings straight carved out from rose-colored sandstone cliffs, and for this reason has been called “Rose City”. Among those, probably the most iconic is Al-Khazneh, The Treasury, or probably a royal tomb and even treasury. Generally, Petra’s architecture shows Nabataean, Hellenistic, and Roman styles of building in the Monastery, Royal Tombs, and the amphitheater.
Petra started to decline following the annexation by Romans in 106 CE and further suffered damage from a significant earthquake in 363 CE that gradually led to its abandonment. Petra was rediscovered by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812 and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, but also one of the New Seven Wonders of the World and Jordan’s cultural heritage.
3. Colosseum Rome. Italy
The colosseum is truly one of the most celebrated monuments of ancient roman engineering and architecture. Designed between AD 70–80, under the emperors Vespasian and Titus, it has stood for two millennia.
Constructed primarily for gladiatorial combats and animal hunting, public games, and dramas based on classical mythology, it could seat 50,000 to 80,000 spectators. There were crowd control and swift entry and exit systems in the building itself.
The Colosseum, with mixed Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns, has a complex system of arches and vaults. This underground complex was hidden under the floor of the arena, with many layers of what is called the hypogeum-a great underground network meant to keep the gladiators and animals before the show.
Today, it stands mostly in ruins due to earthquakes and stone lootings but it is a great testimony to the imperial past of Rome, one of the most visited sights not only in Italy. it has been a world heritage site since 1980 attracting millions of vistors each year.
The colosseum is truly one of the most celebrated monuments of ancient roman engineering and architecture.
4. Chichen itza. Yucatan Maxico
Chichén Itzá is also considered one of the biggest Maya ruins in the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. According to history, this city was said to have begun during 600 AD. Its power and influence grew from about 600 to 900 AD, which is known as the Late Classic period.
At its peak, though, Chichén Itzá was from about 900 AD to 1200 AD. At the crossroads of many trade routes that pass through it, Chichén Itzá has developed over time and also influenced its strategic location by attracting people from different regions. The city is known for its great architecture, a mix of Maya and Toltec influences.
The most famous structure is the Pyramid of Kukulkán, or El Castillo, dedicated to the feathered serpent god Kukulkán. This step pyramid is aligned with astronomical events, especially the equinoxes, when a shadow resembling a serpent descends along the steps. Other important structures include the Great Ball Court, the Temple of the Warriors, and the Observatory, or El Caracol. It probably had been abandoned in the 15th century, likely due to several interconnected reasons: internal strife, drought, and resources depletion. rediscovered in 19th century and celebrated as unesco world heritage site attracting millions of visitors every year
5. Manchu picchu. Cuzco region peru
Probaby the one of the best and most famous archaeological finds in the world, machu picchu is located in the andes of peru.
During the time period around 1450 AD, the Inca developed it at the hands of emperor Pachacuti, who was ruling at that time. The purpose for usage as a royal estate or religious center remains undefined. Machu Picchu was constructed in such fine cut stonework, and the dry-stone building technique by which stones fit together with precision use no mortar. it had been abandoned early in the 16th century, shortly after the spanish conquest of the inca empire and the spanish never found the ruins.
It was unknown to the rest of the world until rediscovered in 1911 by American historian Hiram Bingham. Standing about 2,430 meters above sea level with some of the most beautiful mountain surrounding views and the beautiful Urubamba River, Machu Picchu stretches over two main sectors: the agricultural sector and the urban sector, in which one can find temples, plazas, and homes. Declered a UNESCO world heritage site in 1983 it hosts millions of visitors each year. It personifies a lasting achievement in Inca ingenuity.
6. Taj Mahal. Agra India
The white-turning-marble Taj Mahal located in Agra, India is appreciated for being one of the most recognizable structures and symbol of Mughal architecture. A magnificent monument devoted by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his dear wife Mumtaz Mahal. Such moist stone structure is made in its very heart in order to preserve love for centuries. The construction works began in the year of 1632 after the death of Mumtaz and the great mausoleum project lasted nearly 21 years with thousands of workers and craftspeople brought from India, Persia and Central Asia.
The Taj mahal was the epitome of the perfect Islamic Persian Indian architecture adorned with a brilliant white marble façade, precious inlay work and exquisite carvings. Four minarets and a large dome structure at the center, are four slim towers called minarets. In a form of four minarets, they surround the central structure with each positioned slightly outward in a bid to shield the main mausoleum from tremor waves.
The tombs of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz are housed in this decorated room and this means they will be together in death. More than its beautiful structure, the greatness of Taj Mahal extends to its gardens, its reflecting pools and fountains. These do conjure in the mind of the viewer. It depicts almost an ethereal quietude that surrounds the onlooker, making him realize heaven on earth.
Paradise gardens would indeed serve as the benchmark for the Islamic understanding of heaven to which all those who pursue genuine love and loyalty should hope to arrive at. The Taj mahal, which a is UNESCO world heritage site, draws countless visitors from different walks of life to experience its unmatched beauty and the love it represents which transcends time.
7. Chirist the Redeemer . Brazil
The sculpture was completed and inaugurated in the year 1931 as the icon of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This statue was conceived in the beginning of the twentieth century during an era when the Catholic leaders of Brazil found the statue a useful addition in their attempt to; represent Christianity as well as corporate Brazil – Marking their national identity. Work on the statue commenced in 1926 and the statue was ready after a duration of five years. The statue measures 98 feet in height with additional arms that reach out more than 92 feet.
The statue designed by the Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa and sculpted by the French artist Paul Landowski, owes its rough white appearance to the white soapstone used in its covering. The of the mount corcovado within the grounds of the tijuca national park and offers a breathaking view of the city of Rio and its popular beaches.
Christ the redeemer statue has grown to become one of the universal symbols of Christianity, peace and Brazil. In the year 2007, it was declared as the rank one in the New Seven Wonders of the World. The citadel has great historical and religious significance however; it is not just a sightseeing monument for the tourists who travel thousands of miles each year. It stands as a symbol of religion, love and togetherness above the city, the statue being a sign of expectation and motivation.
Pyramids of Giza. Egypt
The Pyramids of Giza are impressive architecture and symbolize a civilized society in ancient Egypt. The pyramids lie in the cental plain of giza, a suburb in cario, egypt it is belived that the pyramids were built around 2500 BC as tombs for the royal dead of the fourth dynasty of the pharaohs.
The Greath pyramid is a Pyramid built for the pharoh khufu and it is orignal height was 146 meters. Thus, this delicate structure remained the tallest structure built by man in the world for the next four thousand years.
Constructed with blocks of solid limestone and granite edging an estimated 2.3 million weighing several tons each, the structure certainly demonstrated the high level of mathematics engineering and astronomy the Egyptians had reached, with its sheer size and construction expanse. Next to the pyramid of Khufu stand two smaller structures the Khafre pyramid and the Megara pyramid. It is created to serve as burial places for the successors of Khufu.
The precision of these structures is unbelievable; pyramids are located with an amazingly tight correspondence to the cardinal points. Theories say that it was done by skilled workers-not slaves-who were also organized in teams while at work. Besides the pyramids, the Giza complex houses other monuments, including the Great Sphinx: this is a statue that depicts a human head on a body that is just a lion. This represents the power of both force and wisdom. These monuments keep attracting historians and inspiring other peopul in different parts of the world
